Background Adolescent pregnancy continues to be linked to adverse outcomes for mothers and children. Results Consistent condom use (B=?2.148, CAMK2 OR=8.566, 0.001) and school enrolment (B=?1.600, OR=0.202, 0.001) were associated with lower rates of adolescent pregnancy. Engaging in age-disparate sex (B=1.093, OR=2.982, 0.001) and long-term school absences (B=1.402, OR=4.061, 0.001) were associated with higher rates PIK-90 of adolescent pregnancy. The indirect effect of engaging in age-disparate sex PIK-90 on adolescent pregnancy through condom use was significant, irrespective of age, age at sexual initiation, poverty and residential environment (B=0.4466, SE=0.1303, CI 0.2323C0.7428). Summary This multi-site cross-sectional survey helps qualitative hypotheses that ladies failure to negotiate their partners condom use in age-disparate sexual human relationships may drive adolescent pregnancy. Interventions dealing with these human relationships, facilitating condom use and increasing access to sexual and reproductive health solutions among adolescent ladies might avert undesirable and unplanned adolescent pregnancies. were measured like a binary variable for having ever had a sexual partner more than 5 PIK-90 years older, cut-off which was determined based on findings of a nationally representative study among 15C24 year-old South Africans (25). was measured like a 5-point level of condom use during sex over the last yr (0=never, 1=less than half the time, 2=half the time, 3=more than half the time, and 4=constantly), using something in the South African Demographic Wellness Study (26). was specified as self-reported orphanhood by either mother or father or both, using the El description (27), through a categorical adjustable: 0=not really an orphan; 1=maternal orphan; 2=paternal orphan; and 3=both parents deceased. was assessed using UNICEF scales for sub-Saharan Africa, with conservative cut-offs for serious mistreatment: physical, psychological or intimate (28). The entire mistreatment scale acquired a dependability coefficient =.73 inside our overall test. Any kind of mistreatment was dichotomized with all young ladies that reported physical or psychological mistreatment, domestic discord or domestic violence over the last week or sexual misuse in their lifetime coded as 1, and 0 when the respondent did not report any type of misuse. were developed in partnership with the South African Division of Education, the National Action Committee for Children Affected by HIV and AIDS (NACCA), and NGOs working in education. Results measured included: school enrolment, type of school, and school attendance disruption. was dichotomised as: (0=not enrolled, 1=enrolled inside a fee paying or free school (charges waived or non-fee universities)), while school attendance disruption was defined as was measured as school nonattendance for longer than one week in the past-year. including age, gender, household size and employment were derived from the 2001 South African Census (29). was defined as living in a shack on its own plot, shack inside a back backyard, or living on the PIK-90 street, based on 2001 South African Census strategy. A household map was used to better understand household size and employment (30). was measured using an 8-item level of access to the eight highest socially-perceived essentials for adolescents in South Africa, including: 3 meals each day, school uniform and ability to pay for medical care (=.79). The eight items were recognized through qualitative interviews (31) and endorsed by over 80% of South Africans inside a nationally-representative survey (32). Household deprivation was dichotomized by households lacking 2C8 essentials (1) or lacking 0C1 necessity (0). Data analysis Data analysis was carried out in SPSS 18.0. Missing data was minimal for variables included in the multivariate and mediational analysis. This was accomplished through qualitative study and piloting during questionnaire development, verbal interviews by fieldworkers during data collection, and return field visits PIK-90 carried out.